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Letters written by Admiral Nelson to Woman Hamilton reveal secret codes to guard Horatia

 Nelson's (above) triumph at Trafalgar gave Britain control of the seas and laid the foundation for Britain's global power for more than a century

 Nelson’s (above) triumph at Trafalgar gave Britain management of the seas and laid the inspiration for Britain’s international energy for greater than a century

Fought on October 21, 1805, the Battle of Trafalgar is one in all historical past’s most epic sea clashes.

Not solely did it see Britain eradicate probably the most severe risk to safety in 200 years, nevertheless it additionally noticed the dying of British naval hero Admiral Lord Nelson.

This was not earlier than his high-risk, however acutely courageous technique received arguably probably the most decisive victory within the Napoleonic wars. Nelson’s triumph gave Britain management of the seas and laid the inspiration for Britain’s international energy for greater than a century.

Regardless of signing a peace treaty in 1803, the 2 nations had been at battle and fought one another in seas world wide.

After Spain allied with France in 1804, the newly-crowned French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte had sufficient ships to problem Britain.

In October 1805, French Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve led a Mixed French and Spanish fleet of 33 ships from the Spanish port of Cadiz to face Nelson and Vice Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood.

Fought on October 21, 1805, the Battle of Trafalgar is one of history's most epic sea clashes. Not only did it see Britain eliminate the most serious threat to security in 200 years, but it also saw the death of British naval hero Admiral Lord Nelson

Fought on October 21, 1805, the Battle of Trafalgar is one in all historical past’s most epic sea clashes. Not solely did it see Britain eradicate probably the most severe risk to safety in 200 years, nevertheless it additionally noticed the dying of British naval hero Admiral Lord Nelson

Nelson, contemporary from chasing Villeneuve within the Caribbean, led the 27-ship fleet cost in HMS Victory, whereas Vice Admiral Collingwood sailed in Royal Sovereign.

Battles at sea had till then been primarily inconclusive, as to fireside upon the opposing ship, every vessel needed to pull up alongside facet each other (broadside) which frequently resulted in equal injury.

Nelson bucked this development by attacking the Mixed Fleet line head on – and sailed perpendicular in the direction of the fleet, exposing the British to heavy fireplace. 

He attacked in two columns to separate the Mixed Fleet’s line to focus on the flagship of Admiral Villneuve.

11. 30am Lord Nelson famously declared that ‘England expects that each man will do his responsibility’, in reference to the command that the ships had been instructed to assume for themselves. The captains had been briefed on the battle plan three weeks earlier than, and had been trusted to bravely act on their very own initiative and adapt to altering circumstances – not like their opponents who caught to their command.

Vice Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood led the primary column and attacked the rear of the road, and broke via. 

Nelson sailed instantly for the pinnacle of the Mixed Fleet to dissuade them from doubling again to defend the rear. However earlier than he reached them, he modified course to assault the center of the road – and Villeneuve’s flagship.

Rushing towards the centre of the road, HMS Victory discovered no area to interrupt via as Villeneuve’s flagship was being tightly adopted – forcing Nelson to ram via at shut quarters. 

Within the warmth of battle, and surrounded on three sides, Nelson was fatally shot within the chest by a well-drilled French musketeer.

The Mixed Fleet’s vanguard lastly started to come back to the help of Admiral Villeneuve, however British ships launch a counter-attack.

Admiral Villeneuve struck his colors together with many different ships within the Mixed Fleet and surrendered.

4.14pm HMS Victory Captain Thomas Masterman Hardy dropped under deck to congratulate Nelson on his victory.

4.30pm With the information he has secured victory, however earlier than the battle had formally concluded, Lord Nelson died. 

5.30pm French ship Achille blew up signalling the tip of the battle – in all 17 Mixed Fleet ships surrendered.

 … so did Nelson actually say ‘Kiss me, Hardy’ along with his dying phrases?

By RICHARD CREASY for the Every day Mail (in an article from 2007) 

It was Britain’s best naval victory and for greater than 200 years historians have analysed each element.

Now, amazingly, a brand new eye-witness account of the Battle of Trafalgar has emerged throughout a home clear-out.

It offers not solely a first-hand view of proceedings from the decrease decks but in addition a unique interpretation of one in all historical past’s most enduring arguments – Admiral Lord Nelson’s dying phrases.

Robert Hilton was a 21-year-old surgeon’s mate on HMS Swiftsure, a 74-gun ship that performed its half within the destruction of the French and Spanish fleets and of Napoleon’s dream of invading England.

It was 13 days later, after Swiftsure had made it via gales to Gibraltar for repairs that Hilton took up his pen and wrote a nine-page letter house on November 3, 1805.

In it he says Nelson’s final phrases, relayed to his ship’s firm from Nelson’s flag captain, Captain Hardy, had been: ‘I’ve then lived lengthy sufficient.’

Many individuals consider Nelson mentioned: ‘Kiss me Hardy.’ 

However historians depend on his surgeon’s reviews that he mentioned: ‘Thank God I’ve performed my responsibility.’ 

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